Science & Exploration

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ESA / Science & Exploration / Space Science

Table of ESA's Science missions past, present and future

Sun	Solar System	Astrophysics	Fundamental Physics
Operations/Post-Operations
Solar Orbiter [2020]	Juice [2023]	Euclid [2023]
Proba-2 [2009]	BepiColombo [2018]	Webb [2021]
SOHO [1995]	ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter [2016]	Cheops [2019]
	Mars Express [2003]	Gaia [2013]
	Cluster [2000]	Integral [2002]
		XMM-Newton [1999]
		Hubble [1990]
Implementation
Proba-3 [2024]	ExoMars Rosalind Franklin Rover [2028]	Plato [2026]	LISA [2035]
Smile [2025]	Comet Interceptor [2029]	Ariel [2029]
	Envision [2031]	Arrakihs [2029]
		NewAthena [2037]
Legacy
Ulysses [1990]	Rosetta [2004]	Planck [2009]	LISA Pathfinder [2015]
	Venus Express [2005]	Herschel [2009]
	SMART-1 [2003]	ISO [1995]
	Double Star [2003]	Hipparcos [1989]
	Cassini-Huygens [1997]	Exosat [1983]
	Giotto [1985]	IUE [1978]
		Cos-B [1975]
Cosmic Vision 2015–2025 ESA’s current cycle of long-term planning for space science missions
Juice (L1), NewAthena (L2), LISA (L3), Solar Orbiter (M1), Euclid (M2), Plato (M3), Ariel (M4), Envision (M5), Cheops (S1), Comet Interceptor (F1), Arrakihs (F2) and Smile (collaborative mission with China)
Missions of Opportunity and Collaborative Missions
IRIS [2013] Hinode [2006]	MMX [2026] Phobos-Soil [2011] Chandrayaan-1 [2008] Chang'e 1 [2007]	Roman [2026] Einstein Probe [2024] XRISM [2023] Hitomi [2016] Akari [2006] COROT [2006] Suzaku [2005]	ACES [2025] Microscope [2016]

Dates refer to launch; for future missions, the foreseen launch date is indicated.

This table only includes missions from ESA's Space Science Programme. For a complete list of missions from all ESA Programmes, click here.

ESA's Cosmic Vision 2015–2025 missions were selected to answer four big questions: What are the conditions for planet formation and the emergence of life? How does the Solar System work? What are the fundamental physical laws of the Universe? and How did the Universe originate and what is it made of?

The next space science mission planning cycle is Voyage 2050, whose key themes will be moons of the giant planets, temperate exoplanets to the Milky Way, and new physical probes of the early Universe.