The European Space Agency (ESA) is Europe’s gateway to space. Its mission is to shape the development of Europe’s space capability and ensure that investment in space continues to deliver benefits to the citizens of Europe and the world.
Find out more about space activities in our 23 Member States, and understand how ESA works together with their national agencies, institutions and organisations.
Exploring our Solar System and unlocking the secrets of the Universe
Go to topicProtecting life and infrastructure on Earth and in orbit
Go to topicUsing space to benefit citizens and meet future challenges on Earth
Go to topicMaking space accessible and developing the technologies for the future
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NASA astronaut Bill McArthur (left) and ESA astronaut Thomas Reiter (right), from Germany, in the mock-up of the Zarya Russian resource module at the Gagarin Training Center, also known as Zviezdny Gorodok ("Star City"), near Moscow, in July 2003, as part of Thomas Reiter's preparation for a future long-duration flight to the International Space Station (ISS).
A military test-pilot, Thomas Reiter was involved in ESA studies of the Hermes spaceplane and development of equipment for the Columbus module before he was selected to join the ESA Astronaut Corps in 1992. Selected for ESA's Euromir 95 mission, he began training in Zviezdny Gorodok in August 1993 and flew this record-breaking 179-day mission on the Mir space station from September 3, 1995 to February 29, 1996. He performed some 40 European scientific experiments, participated in the maintenance of the station and carried out two spacewalks.
In 1997, Thomas Reiter was certified as 'Soyuz Return Commander', a qualification that allows him to command a three-person Soyuz capsule during its return from space. He also worked with the European Robotic Arm development team at ESA.
After being detached for 18 months to the German Air Force, he returned to ESA in April 1999 and gave support to the Automatic Transfer Vehicle (ATV) development team. He also resumed training in Russia. Since April 2001, Thomas Reiter is assigned to the first ISS advanced training class to prepare for the first European long-term flights onboard the ISS.