The European Space Agency (ESA) is Europe’s gateway to space. Its mission is to shape the development of Europe’s space capability and ensure that investment in space continues to deliver benefits to the citizens of Europe and the world.
Find out more about space activities in our 23 Member States, and understand how ESA works together with their national agencies, institutions and organisations.
Exploring our Solar System and unlocking the secrets of the Universe
Go to topicProtecting life and infrastructure on Earth and in orbit
Go to topicUsing space to benefit citizens and meet future challenges on Earth
Go to topicMaking space accessible and developing the technologies for the future
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a Animals were amputated the day before of the exposure to simulated launch loads (day −1). At day 0, animals were loaded into T25 flasks and the experiment was initiated. Immediately after the exposure to hypergravity, vibration or both, RNA was extracted from half of the animals (0 h). Four days after the exposure, the RNA of the rest of the animals was extracted (4d). The regenerated structures were imaged at 4 days after the exposure. b The four experimental groups of animals. See de Sousa, N., Caporicci, M., Vandersteen, J. et al. Molecular impact of launch related dynamic vibrations and static hypergravity in planarians. npj Microgravity 6, 25 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41526-020-00115-7