ESA is developing six Copernicus Sentinel Expansion missions on behalf of the EU. The Copernicus Anthropogenic Carbon Dioxide Monitoring (CO2M) mission, which is one of these new satellite missions will carry a near-infrared and shortwave-infrared spectrometer to measure atmospheric carbon dioxide produced by human activity. These measurements will reduce current uncertainties in estimates of emissions of carbon dioxide from the combustion of fossil fuel at national and regional scales. This will provide the EU with a unique and independent source of information to assess the effectiveness of policy measures, and to track their impact towards decarbonising Europe and meeting national emission reduction targets.