The European Space Agency (ESA) is Europe’s gateway to space. Its mission is to shape the development of Europe’s space capability and ensure that investment in space continues to deliver benefits to the citizens of Europe and the world.
Find out more about space activities in our 23 Member States, and understand how ESA works together with their national agencies, institutions and organisations.
Exploring our Solar System and unlocking the secrets of the Universe
Go to topicProtecting life and infrastructure on Earth and in orbit
Go to topicUsing space to benefit citizens and meet future challenges on Earth
Go to topicMaking space accessible and developing the technologies for the future
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An ESA and Airbus team studied a decade of radiation errors on susceptible elements of Swarm's onboard computer. These included the Processor Module SRAM (PM-RAM), the CPU's working memory. This graph shows the geolocation of the PM-RAM errors at the time of detection (top) and statistical mapping of the PM-RAM errors by summing all orbital points in the 34 min (scrubbing) prior to error detection. In both cases, the 1D histogram (in black) represents the longitudinal distribution of the errors. Both plots are the sum of errors for the three satellites.