At the very beginning of aerospace medical research in the thirties, scientists were eager to find out what effects centrifugal forces and microgravity have on the human body. Early investigations witch used animals, before the first parabolic flights with humans on board were undertaken. The dog Laika, who was sent to space in a capsule and lived inside it for several days in zero gravity. The first humans were then sent to space to expierience the state of weightlessness and explore its long-term effects on their own bodies. At the same time parabolic flights were used to create microgravity for intensive research in the fields of material sciences, physics, bio-mechanics and liquid gases.