El Niño and La Niña

ESA’s Climate Change Initiative uses Earth observation satellites to monitor and measure the effects of El Niño and La Niña in the context of a changing global climate. El Niño and La Niña are the warm and cool phases of a recurring climate cycle that occurs across the tropical Pacific Ocean, affecting global weather patterns and influencing the likelihood of floods, droughts, heatwaves and cold periods for different regions.