The European Space Agency (ESA) is Europe’s gateway to space. Its mission is to shape the development of Europe’s space capability and ensure that investment in space continues to deliver benefits to the citizens of Europe and the world.
Find out more about space activities in our 23 Member States, and understand how ESA works together with their national agencies, institutions and organisations.
Exploring our Solar System and unlocking the secrets of the Universe
Go to topicProtecting life and infrastructure on Earth and in orbit
Go to topicUsing space to benefit citizens and meet future challenges on Earth
Go to topicMaking space accessible and developing the technologies for the future
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Sea-ice thickness and volume are essential climate variables that critically contribute to the characterisation of Earth's climate. Combining data from ESA's CryoSat satellite, which measures thick ice, and ESA's SMOS satellite, which measures thin ice, allows for the measurement of thickness for both first-year and multi-year ice. This allows for the calculation of sea-ice volume for the whole Northern hemisphere.