Collecting information on water resources at over large areas is often difficult. This limits national and river-basin water managers’ ability to make the appropriate decisions. Satellites can fill this information gap with timely observations. Since 2008, ESA has been working closely with international financing institutions and client states to harness the benefits of Earth observation for global sustainable development. Earth Observation for Sustainable Development (EO4SD) is a new ESA initiative that aims to increase the uptake of satellite information in regular development operations nationally and internationally.